KETAMINE

Drink spiking is a growing concern everywhere where people drink. A recent survey in the UK found that one in four women drinkers believed that they had had a drink spiked at least once.
The Police are generally unable to solve drug rape and other drink spiking crimes. Victims have little or no memory of what happened. Even if a victim figures out what happened and goes to the Police or a hospital for a blood or urine test, the test is likely to be negative as many of these drugs leave one’s system quickly.
There are three groups of drugs generally used in drink spiking: GHB, Ketamine and the benzodiazepines—which include Rohypnol.
Criminals who engage in drink spiking know that there is little chance they will get caught—until now! If you are vigilant and have a Drink Detective with you whenever you are out drinking, you will be sending a signal to the drink spiker that he might get caught.
There are many ways the Drink Detective can be used to fight drink spiking crimes.

The Drink Detective tests for virtually all the drugs used in drug rape and other drink spiking crimes. These include GHB, ketamine and the more than 60 drugs in the benzodiazepine group that includes Rohypnol, Xanax and Valium.

The Drink Detective, in a matchbook format, has three spots, one for each of the tests. The ketamine and GHB tests show a chemical, colour reaction. The benzodiazepine test is an immunoassay—like a pregnancy test.

As Ketamine is such a misused drug, let us tell you more about it.

KETAMINE

Ketamine, or ketamine hydrochloride, is an anaesthetic intended primarily for veterinary purposes. Its primary use is in surgery for small animals and has also been used in human medicine for paediatric burn cases, in dentistry and in experimental psychotherapy. Ketamine is a liquid and its most potent medical use is by injecting it intramuscularly or intravenously.

Ketamine is becoming a popular recreational drug. It produces “disassociative anasthesia.” The effect is often likened to the mind and body being separated from each other, or a near-death experience—if taken in a sufficiently high dose. This effect is usually called a “K-hole.” Effects can range from rapture to paranoia to boredom. It can render the user comatose.

Unlike GHB, dosages for Ketamine are well established:
Side Effect Zero Low Light Common Strong K-Hole
Dose 0g 40mg 50-100mg 75-300mg 200-450mg 500+mg
ppm 0 160 200-400 300-1200 800-1800 2000
*All concentrations are calculated for a standard 250mL beverage.
Ketamine takes effect in 5-20 minutes and the effects last 4-8 hours. A human would reach a state of deep cataleptoid sedation (like a coma) with a dosage of 15mg/kg. Thus, for example, a 9-stone (126 lb, 57kg) woman would be completely sedated with a dosage of about 850g.

Ketamine was popularised by the singer Madonna in 1998. Her “Ray of Light” album reputedly contains tracks that describe the Ketamine experience. In an interview in the March 1998 issue of Q Magazine, she commented that she couldn’t believe that UK clubbers still preferred E to K.

Some of the street names for Ketamine are K, Ket, Special K, Vitamin K, Vit K, Kit Kat, Keller, Kelly’s day, Green, Blind squid, Cat valium, Purple, Special la coke, Super acid and Super C. Slang for the K-hole include K-land, baby food and God.

The effects and dosages above assume that Ketamine is not mixed with alcohol or other drugs. In club or rave settings, overuse of ketamine has been known to cause collapses and lead to catatonic states. It is not a social drug like ecstasy and is, in fact, a depressant. Among other undesirable effects are nausea, vomiting and giddiness. In large doses and in combination with other central nervous system depressants, it can depress respiration and lead to death. Victims of drink spiking are especially at risk as they may be “on” other drugs while they ingest ketamine unknowingly.

No one expects a woman (or a man—men account for 15% of drug rapes in the UK) to test every drink. In fact, we recommend using the Drink Detective only in two circumstances: if you have a reason to suspect that your drink has been spiked in a drink spiking incident or if you have a stronger than expected reaction to a drink. The drugs take about 20 minutes to incapacitate you and if you find that a drink has been spiked, you would have time to get help—either from a friend or from bar staff who could call the police and ensure that you were not left alone until you got to safety. There are many more crimes carried out by drink spikers. About a month ago a woman was arrested in London for drugging men’s drinks and then taking their wallets and watches. We have had reports from all over the world of men getting drugged and returning home to later find that hundreds of dollars was taken—by them—from cash machines. The victims have no recollection of the withdrawals (which are often captured on tape) or to whom they gave the money.

You can find on this site a Guardian article that describes the scope of the drink spiking problem in the UK. It reports that one in four female drinkers have been spiked at least once. Whether or not you accept their data, it is clear that drink spiking is a serious and growing problem. The problem is exacerbated in the US by police frustration. It is very difficult not only to convict someone for a drink-spiking crime; it is tough even to show that a crime took place. Moreover, it is enormously expensive to do a complete urine test for an alleged victim of drug rape. And the test would mostly come out negative even if the victim had been drugged because most drugs leave the system very quickly. So it is not surprising that some police forces would choose to concentrate on other crimes—all of which have higher conviction rates. It seems that the only way to reduce drink spiking is through deterrence achieved by scaring the would-be criminal.

The Drink Detective makers are in the midst of a campaign not only to sell product but, more important, to promote public awareness of the problems of drink spiking. To that end they have created three really striking posters that could be put up anywhere drinks are served. They say

• You can’t identify a Drug Rapist… but you can avoid him
• Focus on your drink…avoid being a target of Drug Rape
• I only left me drink for a moment… the rest of the night was a blur.

We hope that as more and more bars carry these or other, similar, posters and more and more drinkers carry the Drink Detective, the risk will slowly but inexorably move from the drinker to the spiker.

We can’t stress enough that drink spiking is a crime that the police cannot solve. With the best will in the world, the police simply cannot catch more than a handful of people who spike drinks. The very few who do get caught are apprehended because they do something stupid—like making videos of their rapes. Moreover, simple awareness will help but it will not be completely effective. It is simply too easy to put something into your drink—no matter how vigilant you are. Deterrence, not arrests and convictions, is the key to solving drink-spiking crimes.

We have are developing a deterrence program for clubs and bars. We will make available a package that includes the following:
• A number of Drink Detectives
• The three posters just mentioned
• A sticker that says “The Drink Detective Operates Here”
• A new poster that says
THIS IS A ZERO TOLERANCE ZONE FOR DRINK SPIKING
DRINKS WILL BE RANDOMLY TESTED
IF YOU WERE PLANNING TO SPIKE A DRINK HERE, THINK AGAIN: YOU WILL GET CAUGHT

We propose that the largest, most imposing bar staff member in a bar test just a few drinks on random nights—with considerable publicity. Once the word gets around that this is being done, and together with the message in the last poster, very few of the cowards who currently spike drinks (risk-free) would try it again. The risk would be greater for them than for the innocent drinker.

We are also working with some police forces to carry out similar random checks.

Carry the Drink Detective and help transfer the risk from the drinker to the drink spiker. You can help deter drink spiking crimes!